Which term describes an infant's distress when a familiar caregiver leaves?

The term that describes an infant's distress when a familiar caregiver leaves is known as separation anxiety. This emotional response typically emerges around six months of age as infants begin to develop a clearer understanding of object permanence and form stronger attachments to their primary caregivers. When the caregiver departs, the infant realizes that they are absent, which can lead to feelings of fear or anxiety.

Separation anxiety is a normal part of emotional development and signifies that the infant has formed a secure bond with their caregiver. It reflects the infant’s growing social and emotional capabilities, as they are now able to recognize familiar faces and express their feelings regarding the loss of those connections. This behavior often increases until around 18 months, and while it can be distressing for both the infant and the caregiver, it usually subsides as the child grows and becomes more independent.