Which of the following best defines the function of axons?

Axons are specialized structures of neurons that play a crucial role in the transmission of nerve impulses. Their primary function is to carry electrical signals, known as action potentials, away from the cell body of the neuron. This is essential for the communication of signals within the nervous system, as impulses need to reach other neurons, muscles, or glands to initiate a response or relay information.

The structure of an axon allows it to effectively propagate these impulses over relatively long distances. It is typically covered by a myelin sheath, which serves to insulate the axon and speed up the transmission of signals. This characteristic makes axons integral to the overall functioning of the nervous system, as they ensure that information is communicated swiftly and efficiently throughout the body.

Understanding the distinct role of axons enhances your grasp of neuronal function and the overall process of communication within biological systems, which is pivotal in human development and neurobiology studies.