What role do dendrites play in neuron function?

Dendrites play a crucial role in neuron function by receiving messages from other neurons and conducting impulses toward the cell body. They are the structures that branch out from the neuron's main body, increasing the surface area available for receiving signals.

When a neuron receives chemical signals from the synapses—where neurotransmitters are released—these signals are detected by the dendrites. The dendrites then convert these signals into electrical impulses, which are transmitted to the cell body for processing. This process is fundamental for communication within the nervous system, enabling the transmission of information that underlies all behaviors, sensations, and thoughts.

The other options misrepresent the primary functions associated with dendrites. They do not send impulses away from the neuron, as that function belongs to the axon. While dendrites do play a role in the overall function of the neuron, they do not facilitate the production of neurotransmitters, which occurs primarily within the cell body and axon terminals. Lastly, dendrites do contribute to the neuron's health but enhancing longevity is not a direct function specifically attributed to them.