What does the hidden curriculum refer to?

The hidden curriculum refers to the informal and unofficial aspects of culture that are taught in schools outside of the formal academic curriculum. It encompasses the values, beliefs, and behaviors that students learn through their experiences, interactions, and the school environment itself, which are not explicitly included in the subject matter or educational objectives. This can include lessons on social norms, expectations regarding behavior, and the importance of discipline and punctuality.

For instance, students learn teamwork and cooperation through group activities, or they observe and internalize authority structures within the school. These lessons contribute significantly to a student's overall education by shaping their social skills and cultural understanding. Thus, while formal subjects represent the academic curriculum, the hidden curriculum plays a crucial role in the socialization process, preparing students for roles in society.