What does secondary aging refer to?

Secondary aging refers to the modifications in the aging process that are influenced by controllable factors, such as lifestyle choices including diet, exercise, and other behaviors that can significantly affect an individual's health and well-being. Unlike primary aging, which is characterized by universal changes that occur naturally with the passage of time, secondary aging encompasses those aspects of decline that are not inevitable and can often be mitigated or improved through conscious choices and interventions.

For instance, someone who maintains a balanced diet, exercises regularly, and manages stress effectively may experience a slower rate of secondary aging. This highlights the importance of proactive health measures and how they can lead to a better quality of life as one ages. In contrast, other choices involve aging processes that are not directly linked to individual behavior or health decisions, such as changes occurring universally (like primary aging) or health issues that might not be modifiable.